How do medications that are statins work?

Statins are a class of medications primarily known for their ability to reduce levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood, which is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol. By lowering LDL cholesterol levels, statins help to prevent the buildup of plaque in the arteries, a major contributor to atherosclerosis—a condition that can lead to heart attacks and strokes.

The statement that statins reduce the incidence of heart attack and death in patients with high cholesterol highlights their effectiveness in decreasing the risk of cardiovascular events. Clinical studies have shown that patients with elevated cholesterol levels who take statins have a significantly lower risk of experiencing heart attacks, strokes, and mortality related to cardiovascular diseases. This is particularly beneficial for individuals who have a history of heart disease or are at high risk due to other factors.

While statins can have various effects—some of which may indirectly support heart health—such as promoting stability of atherosclerotic plaques and having anti-inflammatory properties, their primary role focuses on cholesterol management and cardiovascular risk reduction. Therefore, the statement regarding their impact on the incidence of heart attack and death encapsulates the essence of how statins serve to protect cardiovascular health in individuals with high cholesterol levels.