Which condition is commonly treated with hydrochlorothiazide?

Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic medication that is primarily used to help reduce high blood pressure and manage fluid retention. In the context of high blood pressure, it works by promoting the excretion of sodium and water from the body, which decreases blood volume and ultimately leads to lower blood pressure. This makes it an effective treatment for hypertension, allowing the heart to work less hard and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.

Additionally, in patients who experience fluid retention due to conditions such as heart failure or certain kidney disorders, hydrochlorothiazide helps to eliminate excess fluid, improving the patient's condition. This dual action of addressing both hypertension and fluid overload explains why it is commonly prescribed for these issues.

The other conditions listed—such as asthma, diabetes, and high cholesterol—are not typically treated with hydrochlorothiazide, as they require different therapeutic approaches and medications.